Pavlovian conditioning is a memory system that helps us to avoid making bad decisions. Dogs can be conditioned to salivate in response to the sound of a bell, a process important for understanding fear and threat responses.
The fear response can be caused by one intense experience or learned through association with particular events; it can create long-lasting physiological and psychological impacts. The fear system is wired to batch many events in time or create a large general sense of fear from an isolated incident, including memories that happen within a moment or over a long period of time that can form into a general sense of relationships or location being bad.