Traveling through river systems was a common mode of transportation before modern era when railroads and highways were not available. River networks were the quickest ways of traveling. Petty kingdoms and warlords had control in areas like Norway, trading at low levels and sometimes extending to higher levels.
Sinn Fein recently became the largest party in the Northern Ireland Assembly elections in 2022, increasing their chances of reuniting Ireland, though polls are split on the matter.
The modern-day nations of Sweden, Denmark, and Norway are not necessarily the same people as the Vikings of ancient chieftainships, which can cause confusion in historical sources. Viking raids on Iona in 798 and 802 ADCE resulted in the destruction of the monastery and the killing of monks, respectively, while Charlemagne strengthened defenses against such pirate raids in 800 ADCE.
An Irish king in the 1100s invites the Normans over to assist with a kidnapping gone wrong. The Normans receive an invitation from Pope Adrian to invade, leading to a turbulent history between Ireland and England.
The Catholic Church's role in the death of babies in Ireland has been a longstanding and tragic issue, with many deceased infants found in piles and piles over the years due to the Church's practices and neglect.