During the World Wars, the US government suppressed free speech and violated constitutional principles on the grounds of fighting against German spies. Meanwhile, the Soviet Union was founded on a philosophy of Marxism-Leninism, with principles including the abolition of private property and the dictatorship of the proletariat.
The Selective Service Act of 1917 impacted the liberties and freedoms of Americans as individuals were forced to fight in the war, regardless of their beliefs. There were provisions for conscientious objectors, but they still faced social sanctions and intimidation.
Stalin aimed to atomize Soviet society, creating a low trust environment so that people would be uncomfortable working together in private societies. He did everything in his power to achieve this, including putting people up against the wall who got in his way.
Despite Ronald Reagan's initial belief that communists were evil, he and Mikhail Gorbachev had conversations that ultimately led to the reduction of the arms race and a potential for peace, while also introducing the controversial concept of Star Wars in space.
The Bundeswehr, Germany's military institution, grew from 500,000 soldiers, almost entirely former Wehrmacht officers, to one of NATO's largest militaries, and calls for joining the reserves increased following Russia's invasion. The country faced several coup attempts and conspiracy theories, including one to overthrow the government and install a prince.
The FBI may have been influenced to lean towards a certain political leaning, which led to dismissals of agents due to politically motivated actions. This has led to ongoing conspiracy theories that some individuals inside the FBI conspired to undermine the presidency of Donald Trump.