Episode
#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
2:59:18
Published: Wed Sep 15 2021
Description
Douglas Lenat is the founder of Cyc, a 37 year project aiming to solve common-sense knowledge and reasoning in AI. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - Squarespace: https://lexfridman.com/squarespace and use code LEX to get 10% off - BiOptimizers: http://www.magbreakthrough.com/lex to get 10% off - Stamps.com: https://stamps.com and use code LEX to get free postage & scale - LMNT: https://drinkLMNT.com/lex to get free sample pack - ExpressVPN: https://expressvpn.com/lexpod and use code LexPod to get 3 months free EPISODE LINKS: Douglas's Twitter: https://twitter.com/cycorpai Cyc's Website: https://cyc.com PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (07:39) - What is Cyc? (15:45) - How to form a knowledge base of the universe (26:11) - How to train an AI knowledge base (30:32) - Global consistency versus local consistency (54:53) - Automated reasoning (1:00:33) - Direct uses of AI and machine learning (1:13:11) - The semantic web (1:23:44) - Tools to help Cyc interpret data (1:32:54) - The most beautiful idea about Cyc (1:38:53) - Love and consciousness in AI (1:45:52) - The greatness of Marvin Minsky (1:50:46) - Is Cyc just a beautiful dream? (1:55:31) - What is OpenCyc and how was it born? (2:01:21) - The open source community and OpenCyc (2:11:48) - The inference problem (2:13:31) - Cyc's programming language (2:21:05) - Ontological engineering (2:28:30) - Do machines think? (2:37:15) - Death and consciousness (2:47:16) - What would you say to AI? (2:51:52) - Advice to young people (2:53:48) - Mortality
Chapters
In this podcast, Doug Lenat talks about Psych, a system he created 40 years ago, aimed at acquiring common sense knowledge and using it to reason and understand the world, discussing how it can help achieve superintelligence and improve human understanding.
00:00 - 01:26 (01:26)
Summary
In this podcast, Doug Lenat talks about Psych, a system he created 40 years ago, aimed at acquiring common sense knowledge and using it to reason and understand the world, discussing how it can help achieve superintelligence and improve human understanding.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker shares their surreal experience of doing an ad read for Stamps.com and ponders on the concept of understanding as an action of combining little things or accumulating wisdom over time.
01:26 - 10:44 (09:18)
Summary
The speaker shares their surreal experience of doing an ad read for Stamps.com and ponders on the concept of understanding as an action of combining little things or accumulating wisdom over time. They also mention Andrew Huberman's insights on magnesium supplementation.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The podcast discusses the necessary amount of if-then rules and common sense knowledge that AI must possess for it to be not brittle and the viability of representing this knowledge using formal logic.
10:44 - 22:54 (12:10)
Summary
The podcast discusses the necessary amount of if-then rules and common sense knowledge that AI must possess for it to be not brittle and the viability of representing this knowledge using formal logic.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
AI expert Doug Lenat discusses the challenge of creating AI systems that are grounded in common sense knowledge in order to better handle unexpected situations.
22:54 - 30:28 (07:34)
Summary
AI expert Doug Lenat discusses the challenge of creating AI systems that are grounded in common sense knowledge in order to better handle unexpected situations.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The representation language used to encode knowledge needs to be expressive enough to capture various contexts in which things can be true or false based on geographical or belief-system differences, time frames, and levels of abstraction.
30:28 - 40:27 (09:58)
Summary
The representation language used to encode knowledge needs to be expressive enough to capture various contexts in which things can be true or false based on geographical or belief-system differences, time frames, and levels of abstraction.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The semantic web or knowledge graph is a useful tool, but current limitations include difficulty representing complex expressions and relations.
40:27 - 1:45:29 (1:05:02)
Summary
The semantic web or knowledge graph is a useful tool, but current limitations include difficulty representing complex expressions and relations. Psych Core hopes to address these issues with natural language understanding and knowledge editing tools.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
It is crucial for people, especially retirees and those with more time at home due to the pandemic, to contribute to the future of artificial intelligence research.
1:45:29 - 1:55:38 (10:08)
Summary
It is crucial for people, especially retirees and those with more time at home due to the pandemic, to contribute to the future of artificial intelligence research. Seminal figures like Minsky have paved the way for advancements in AI development.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Expressive representation language like higher order logic is important in building the psych system as it allows for rules of thumb to be incorporated into the AI system, making it more useful in understanding human behavior.
1:55:38 - 2:01:38 (06:00)
Summary
Expressive representation language like higher order logic is important in building the psych system as it allows for rules of thumb to be incorporated into the AI system, making it more useful in understanding human behavior. This language will become a permanent part of the psych knowledge base and will be available for everyone who has access to psych.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The future of machine learning involves a shift towards a blend of machine and symbolic AI, with meta-level advice used to provide tactical and strategic guidance.
2:01:38 - 2:13:10 (11:31)
Summary
The future of machine learning involves a shift towards a blend of machine and symbolic AI, with meta-level advice used to provide tactical and strategic guidance. This approach involves using thousands of small "experts" to analyze and contribute to the problem-solving process.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The Knowledge Accumulation Institute aims to identify talented individuals with the ability to understand the fundamentals of the world and trains them as ontological engineers.
2:13:10 - 2:26:57 (13:46)
Summary
The Knowledge Accumulation Institute aims to identify talented individuals with the ability to understand the fundamentals of the world and trains them as ontological engineers. Lisp was the programming language which was based on logic and was developed for effectively making a programming language based on formalisms that were given by philosophers and other logicians.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The Lobner Prize and Alexa Prize are two different formulations of the Turing Test that evaluate the intelligence of artificial intelligence systems.
2:26:57 - 2:41:47 (14:49)
Summary
The Lobner Prize and Alexa Prize are two different formulations of the Turing Test that evaluate the intelligence of artificial intelligence systems. It is not necessary for an AI system to have a body to be intelligent; however, it must understand the value of human life and recognize its importance to other humans, according to a philosophical perspective.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
There are several challenges in the development and widespread use of fully autonomous vehicles, including the complexity of controlling the car beyond mechanical aspects and the potential for accidents and negative perceptions due to bad media coverage.
2:41:47 - 2:51:30 (09:43)
Summary
There are several challenges in the development and widespread use of fully autonomous vehicles, including the complexity of controlling the car beyond mechanical aspects and the potential for accidents and negative perceptions due to bad media coverage.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker emphasizes the importance of long-term thinking and taking projects that are worth several decades despite the institutions and commercial forces that favor short-term rewards, adding that succeeding in a small number of years doesn't undermine the impetus to create significant impacts on the world.
2:51:30 - 2:58:04 (06:33)
Summary
The speaker emphasizes the importance of long-term thinking and taking projects that are worth several decades despite the institutions and commercial forces that favor short-term rewards, adding that succeeding in a small number of years doesn't undermine the impetus to create significant impacts on the world.
Episode#221 – Douglas Lenat: Cyc and the Quest to Solve Common Sense Reasoning in AI
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
In this podcast, Lex Fridman interviews Doug Lenat about the future of artificial intelligence and its philosophical implications beyond just machine learning applications.
2:58:04 - 2:59:11 (01:06)
Summary
In this podcast, Lex Fridman interviews Doug Lenat about the future of artificial intelligence and its philosophical implications beyond just machine learning applications.