The podcast hosts discuss the ethical considerations that should be taken when conducting scientific experiments and how society should treat creatures and organisms that are being tested upon.
The difference between tribes has been a feature of the early development of human civilization. It's a kind of evolution in the space of ideas, where you war with each other.
The combination of imperfect heredity and competition can lead to evolution in computing, as seen in evolutionary computation since the 1960s. This idea can be extended to game theory and decision making, where actions not only influence payoffs but also alter one's identity or merge with others.
The notion of machines being either completely ignorant or as smart as humans is obsolete, and it is important to understand that intelligence in machines falls along a continuum.
Some argue that there's a deep attractor towards human structure and that we're playing out a script towards an inevitable future. Despite this, many still believe in the power of individual decisions to change the world.