Episode
#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
3:27:47
Published: Thu Apr 07 2022
Description
Karl Deisseroth is a professor of bioengineering, psychiatry, and behavioral sciences at Stanford University. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - BiOptimizers: http://www.magbreakthrough.com/lex to get 10% off - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off - Notion: https://notion.com/startups to get up to $1000 off team plan - Blinkist: https://blinkist.com/lex and use code LEX to get 25% off premium - Magic Spoon: https://magicspoon.com/lex and use code LEX to get $5 off EPISODE LINKS: Karl's Twitter: https://twitter.com/karldeisseroth Karl's Website: https://web.stanford.edu/group/dlab Projections (book): https://amzn.to/3NKmdiJ PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/lexfridman - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. (00:00) - Introduction (06:58) - Mental disorders (15:31) - Intelligence (18:10) - James Joyce (26:47) - Writing (30:11) - Projections (33:46) - Translation (36:17) - Poetry (45:00) - Love (50:34) - Psychiatry (53:46) - Sigmund Freud and Carl Jung (1:02:30) - Data in cells (1:06:33) - Optogenetics (1:22:01) - Neuralink (1:34:49) - Psychedelics (1:41:13) - Depression (1:56:38) - Talk therapy and psychoanalysis (2:00:19) - Good Will Hunting (2:10:55) - Darkest moments (2:12:26) - Suicide (2:29:31) - Autism (2:49:09) - Schizophrenia (3:00:18) - Why we cry (3:07:30) - Consciousness (3:22:01) - Mortality (3:23:41) - Meaning of life
Chapters
BetterHelp is an online platform that matches users with licensed professional therapists, Notion enhances productivity, Blinkist provides insights into nonfiction books, Magic Spoon offers healthy breakfast options, and magnesium is an essential supplement to maintain a keto or carnivore diet.
00:00 - 03:10 (03:10)
Summary
BetterHelp is an online platform that matches users with licensed professional therapists, Notion enhances productivity, Blinkist provides insights into nonfiction books, Magic Spoon offers healthy breakfast options, and magnesium is an essential supplement to maintain a keto or carnivore diet.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
This podcast episode discusses the importance of properly communicating about mental health disorders, particularly in terms of distinguishing between different illnesses and emphasizing the potential lethality of certain disorders.
03:10 - 16:53 (13:42)
Summary
This podcast episode discusses the importance of properly communicating about mental health disorders, particularly in terms of distinguishing between different illnesses and emphasizing the potential lethality of certain disorders.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Communication with the mind and the circuitry that transmits ideas and emotions can be difficult due to the similarity of sound in clang associations and the creation of new words in neologisms.
16:53 - 27:32 (10:38)
Summary
Communication with the mind and the circuitry that transmits ideas and emotions can be difficult due to the similarity of sound in clang associations and the creation of new words in neologisms. The science of the human mind can be elucidated through this understanding.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The complexity of neural networks can be compared to the low bandwidth expression of speech and emotion.
27:32 - 36:31 (08:59)
Summary
The complexity of neural networks can be compared to the low bandwidth expression of speech and emotion. Projections in artificial neural networks often involve working on intricate neural networks from a machine learning perspective.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker expresses wanting to see their love interest's true self and being consumed by love while offering the central heart of themselves that is untouched by time, traffics not with dreams, and deals not with words as they have looked long and long at a lonely moon.
36:31 - 40:26 (03:55)
Summary
The speaker expresses wanting to see their love interest's true self and being consumed by love while offering the central heart of themselves that is untouched by time, traffics not with dreams, and deals not with words as they have looked long and long at a lonely moon.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker explores the concept of love and how it can be interpreted as a curiosity for human connection or a desperate search for understanding.
40:26 - 50:28 (10:02)
Summary
The speaker explores the concept of love and how it can be interpreted as a curiosity for human connection or a desperate search for understanding. They suggest that the pursuit of love is a lifelong journey of trying to truly know another person.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The opening up of discussions about the unconscious mind has had reverberating effects on various human endeavors, including art and psychology, and has become a valuable tool in explaining human actions and behaviors.
50:28 - 57:08 (06:39)
Summary
The opening up of discussions about the unconscious mind has had reverberating effects on various human endeavors, including art and psychology, and has become a valuable tool in explaining human actions and behaviors.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Neuroscientists are studying the activity of neurons in the brains of animals like mice or rats to understand where choice making processes begin in the brain.
57:08 - 1:02:47 (05:39)
Summary
Neuroscientists are studying the activity of neurons in the brains of animals like mice or rats to understand where choice making processes begin in the brain.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
By controlling the behavior of a single neuron and monitoring a collection of single neurons, researchers can better understand the function and origins of different parts of the brain and neurons.
1:02:47 - 1:15:43 (12:56)
Summary
By controlling the behavior of a single neuron and monitoring a collection of single neurons, researchers can better understand the function and origins of different parts of the brain and neurons. Causal perturbations - turning up or down the activity of certain types or populations of cells - have proven to be particularly valuable for observing the effects of brain activity on behavior.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Optogenetics allows for the control of specific pattern of activities in individual brain cells, which has expanded to controlling over hundreds of specified single cells in the brain.
1:15:43 - 1:20:46 (05:02)
Summary
Optogenetics allows for the control of specific pattern of activities in individual brain cells, which has expanded to controlling over hundreds of specified single cells in the brain. In one case, an opsin was given to a blind person to allow for light sensitivity.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The fiber optic methods developed in 2007 allow access to deep brain structures and the potential to stimulate and collect electrical signals with higher resolution.
1:20:46 - 1:27:31 (06:44)
Summary
The fiber optic methods developed in 2007 allow access to deep brain structures and the potential to stimulate and collect electrical signals with higher resolution. Experiments in mice have shown the ability to play patterns of activity with light and record activity from across the mouse's brain electrically.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The conversation explores the possibility of benefits to the brain from undergoing hardship and coming out on the other end.
1:27:31 - 1:35:18 (07:46)
Summary
The conversation explores the possibility of benefits to the brain from undergoing hardship and coming out on the other end. The topic is approached from different perspectives such as the immune system and the origins of consciousness.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Optogenetics can help investigate altered states of consciousness in the brain, including those induced by substances like ketamine and DMT.
1:35:18 - 1:40:52 (05:34)
Summary
Optogenetics can help investigate altered states of consciousness in the brain, including those induced by substances like ketamine and DMT. It allows researchers to identify the specific neurons involved in these experiences and how they interact with other brain activity.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Mild forms of depression can be treated with medications or talk therapy.
1:40:52 - 1:54:07 (13:15)
Summary
Mild forms of depression can be treated with medications or talk therapy. Loved ones of people suffering from depression can provide support and encouragement to seek treatment.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Psychoanalysis is not as commonly used in therapy sessions due to the lack of data regarding its effectiveness compared to other talk therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapy.
1:54:07 - 2:00:29 (06:21)
Summary
Psychoanalysis is not as commonly used in therapy sessions due to the lack of data regarding its effectiveness compared to other talk therapies such as cognitive behavioral therapy or interpersonal therapy.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
A young mathematician and an older therapist analyze a painting as a way of pretending to understand others completely.
2:00:29 - 2:08:32 (08:03)
Summary
A young mathematician and an older therapist analyze a painting as a way of pretending to understand others completely. The therapist advises recognizing feelings that arise during therapy sessions and seeing patient relationships from their perspective.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker discusses the difficulty of therapists fully understanding their patients and the empathy that can come from it.
2:08:32 - 2:16:13 (07:40)
Summary
The speaker discusses the difficulty of therapists fully understanding their patients and the empathy that can come from it. They also share personal experiences of struggling with connections to patients and challenges in their own life.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Discussing the concept of suicide including thoughts and actions, and how it is unique to humans and not yet fully understood.
2:16:13 - 2:25:18 (09:04)
Summary
Discussing the concept of suicide including thoughts and actions, and how it is unique to humans and not yet fully understood.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The balance Robin Williams had worked out between negativity and positivity could have been disrupted due to loss, triggering his depression.
2:25:18 - 2:30:07 (04:49)
Summary
The balance Robin Williams had worked out between negativity and positivity could have been disrupted due to loss, triggering his depression.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker discusses how people on the autism spectrum struggle with unpredictable social interactions, but may excel when given enough time and space to understand and process information.
2:30:07 - 2:37:46 (07:39)
Summary
The speaker discusses how people on the autism spectrum struggle with unpredictable social interactions, but may excel when given enough time and space to understand and process information. Autism is a spectrum with identifiable characteristics around how people deal with dynamic information.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Theoretical neuroscience and behavioral therapy could converge to develop brain states that deal with predictable and unpredictable information.
2:37:46 - 2:42:46 (04:59)
Summary
Theoretical neuroscience and behavioral therapy could converge to develop brain states that deal with predictable and unpredictable information. Behavioral therapies that train children to deal with sensory aversion could have a big effect, and theoretical model building in neuroscience that links to datasets collected from brain activity could produce creative results.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Instead of criticizing the weird, it should be celebrated and embraced as it allows for a non-conformist world that's interesting and funny, says the speaker.
2:42:46 - 2:51:12 (08:25)
Summary
Instead of criticizing the weird, it should be celebrated and embraced as it allows for a non-conformist world that's interesting and funny, says the speaker. Schizophrenia is one such example of a disorder that produces the weird but creative aspects of life.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker discusses the delusions commonly experienced by people with schizophrenia, including the belief in government control or beamed information, and suggests that intense self-reflection may be a byproduct of the disorder.
2:51:11 - 3:01:13 (10:01)
Summary
The speaker discusses the delusions commonly experienced by people with schizophrenia, including the belief in government control or beamed information, and suggests that intense self-reflection may be a byproduct of the disorder.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Our ability to cry is rooted in our fear and anxiety circuits that involuntarily induce tears as a necessary response to signal for help in dangerous situations, helping human beings cope better under threat.
3:01:13 - 3:08:32 (07:18)
Summary
Our ability to cry is rooted in our fear and anxiety circuits that involuntarily induce tears as a necessary response to signal for help in dangerous situations, helping human beings cope better under threat.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Christof Koch discusses the hard problem of consciousness and explores the nature of inner subjective senses.
3:08:32 - 3:16:38 (08:06)
Summary
Christof Koch discusses the hard problem of consciousness and explores the nature of inner subjective senses. He also explains a thought experiment that demonstrates consciousness is not linked to physical matter.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
By having greater control over individual neurons and understanding their roles in creating a sense of self, researchers hope to understand consciousness by having a complicated "light switch" to control the semi-distributed signals of the brain.
3:16:38 - 3:23:09 (06:30)
Summary
By having greater control over individual neurons and understanding their roles in creating a sense of self, researchers hope to understand consciousness by having a complicated "light switch" to control the semi-distributed signals of the brain. However, the question of what binds the activity of neurons together to form a joint representation remains unanswered.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The speaker suggests that we are limited in our cognitive capability to understand the meaning of life and proposes creating clones to explore the purpose of our existence.
3:23:09 - 3:27:20 (04:10)
Summary
The speaker suggests that we are limited in our cognitive capability to understand the meaning of life and proposes creating clones to explore the purpose of our existence.
Episode#274 – Karl Deisseroth: Depression, Schizophrenia, and Psychiatry
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
In this podcast episode, the host has an engaging conversation with Carl Dyson-Roth, a scientist and writer, about various topics.
3:27:20 - 3:28:12 (00:52)
Summary
In this podcast episode, the host has an engaging conversation with Carl Dyson-Roth, a scientist and writer, about various topics. They discuss Carl's career, Nobel prizes, and personal and professional achievements, among other things.