Episode
#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
2:40:24
Published: Sun Oct 25 2020
Description
Manolis Kellis is a computational biologist at MIT. Please support this podcast by checking out our sponsors: - SEMrush: https://www.semrush.com/partner/lex/ to get a free month of Guru - Pessimists Archive: https://pessimists.co/ - Eight Sleep: https://www.eightsleep.com/lex and use code LEX to get $200 off - BetterHelp: https://betterhelp.com/lex to get 10% off EPISODE LINKS: Manolis Website: http://web.mit.edu/manoli/ Manolis Twitter: https://twitter.com/manoliskellis Manolis YouTube: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkKlJ5LHrE3C7fgbnPA5DGA Manolis Wikipedia: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manolis_Kellis PODCAST INFO: Podcast website: https://lexfridman.com/podcast Apple Podcasts: https://apple.co/2lwqZIr Spotify: https://spoti.fi/2nEwCF8 RSS: https://lexfridman.com/feed/podcast/ YouTube Full Episodes: https://youtube.com/lexfridman YouTube Clips: https://youtube.com/lexclips SUPPORT & CONNECT: - Check out the sponsors above, it's the best way to support this podcast - Support on Patreon: https://www.patreon.com/lexfridman - Twitter: https://twitter.com/lexfridman - Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/lexfridman - LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/lexfridman - Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/LexFridmanPage - Medium: https://medium.com/@lexfridman OUTLINE: Here's the timestamps for the episode. On some podcast players you should be able to click the timestamp to jump to that time. 00:00 - Introduction 08:05 - Molecular basis for human disease 32:04 - Deadliest diseases 37:47 - Genetic component of diseases 46:38 - Genetic understanding of disease 1:02:25 - Unified theory of human disease 1:08:26 - Genome circuitry 1:33:29 - CRISPR 1:45:06 - Mitochondria 1:53:10 - Future of biology research 2:22:46 - The genetic circuitry of disease
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00:00 - 05:29 (05:29)
Summary
The Secret History of the Future is a history podcast that looks at moments in history where something new was introduced, and how humans react to change and technology in society. It explores the human psychology of why people resist new things from recorded music to umbrellas, to cars, chess, coffee, and the elevator.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
The complexity of human disease is comparable to that of the human genome and brain, as understanding one leads to a deeper understanding of the others, along with immune system function and cancer.
05:29 - 16:30 (11:00)
Summary
The complexity of human disease is comparable to that of the human genome and brain, as understanding one leads to a deeper understanding of the others, along with immune system function and cancer. The use of model organisms, combined with epidemiology, aids in the study of disease.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
This podcast episode discusses the various levels of genetic components that relate to molecular and cellular variations that affect the different functions of brain cells.
16:30 - 29:11 (12:41)
Summary
This podcast episode discusses the various levels of genetic components that relate to molecular and cellular variations that affect the different functions of brain cells. With thousands of individuals each with a unique genetic variation and phenotype, researchers are able to analyze the correlations between genetics and brain function.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Genetic variation can affect cognitive abilities related to music, smell, etc., and understanding the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and implementing social interventions can improve the quality of life for millions of people.
29:11 - 38:16 (09:05)
Summary
Genetic variation can affect cognitive abilities related to music, smell, etc., and understanding the impact of COVID-19 on mental health and implementing social interventions can improve the quality of life for millions of people.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Exploring how genetic variants can have a small impact on genes but still impact the probability of disease, and the importance of studying gene expression to determine the best places to intervene to combat disease.
38:16 - 46:47 (08:31)
Summary
Exploring how genetic variants can have a small impact on genes but still impact the probability of disease, and the importance of studying gene expression to determine the best places to intervene to combat disease.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Microglia are immune cells that prune unnecessary connections in the brain, and changes in this process may lead to mental health disorders like schizophrenia.
46:47 - 52:16 (05:28)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
By looking at the enrichment of genetic variants in enhancers found in T cells and B cells, researchers found Alzheimer's disease was strongly connected to microglia cells, which could lead to clinical trials in humans to reverse these processes.
52:16 - 1:04:00 (11:43)
Summary
By looking at the enrichment of genetic variants in enhancers found in T cells and B cells, researchers found Alzheimer's disease was strongly connected to microglia cells, which could lead to clinical trials in humans to reverse these processes.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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1:15:38 - 1:25:00 (09:21)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Exploring the connection between genetic variants, epigenomes, and the expression of nearby genes to understand gene regulation.
1:25:00 - 1:33:25 (08:25)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Bacteria remember and defend themselves against viruses through a clustered repeat interspersed mechanism known as the CRISPR system that uses guide RNAs to scan the genome and cut any viruses that match with it.
1:33:25 - 1:38:07 (04:41)
Summary
Bacteria remember and defend themselves against viruses through a clustered repeat interspersed mechanism known as the CRISPR system that uses guide RNAs to scan the genome and cut any viruses that match with it.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Researchers have developed a way to use CRISPR-Cas9, a genome editing tool, to modify enhancers and see the impact on neighboring genes in a more controlled manner.
1:38:07 - 1:45:19 (07:12)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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1:45:19 - 1:50:10 (04:50)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
Scientists have discovered a new way to control obesity by genome editing using CRISPR-Cas9 technology; by changing one nucleotide out of billions in the human genome, scientists could switch the phenotype of a person from obese to lean.
1:50:10 - 1:55:18 (05:08)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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1:55:18 - 2:03:47 (08:29)
Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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2:08:40 - 2:15:56 (07:16)
Summary
This podcast episode discusses the use of three different technologies to analyze the regulatory circuitry of the brain in 1,500 individuals across multiple brain regions, both at the DNA and RNA level, and how it can be used to explore different disorders including schizophrenia, Alzheimer's, and autism.
Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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Summary
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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Episode#133 – Manolis Kellis: Biology of Disease
PodcastLex Fridman Podcast
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Summary
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